CD (conduct disorder) 行徑異常

DSM-V （ 18歲以上的人也可能使用此診斷 ）

The diagnostic criteria for Conduct Disorder (codes 312.xx, with xx representing digits which vary depending upon the severity, onset, etc. of the disorder) as listed in the DSM-IV-TR are as follows:
行徑異常必須是符合one two three 三個條件的診斷..

ONE
「一種重複且持續性的行為態樣，該行為態樣包括侵犯他人的基本權利或違反該年齡之社會規範。且其行為在過去12個月內至少有下列15項中之3項，6個月內至少有一項」

A repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated, as manifested by the presence of three (or more) of the following criteria in the past 12 months, with at least one criterion present in the past 6 months:


A1 攻擊 他人 或 動物
-A1.Aggression to people and animals

---(1)常霸凌、威脅、或恐嚇他人
--- (2)常引發打架
--- (3)曾使用能造成他人嚴重身體傷害的武器(如：棍棒、磚塊、 敲破的玻璃瓶、刀、槍械)
--- (4)曾對他人的身體殘忍攻擊
--- (5)曾對動物的身體殘忍攻擊
--- (6)曾直接面對受害者而偷竊(如：從背後勒頸搶劫、扒竊、強奪、持械搶劫)
--- (7)曾強迫他人與自己發生性關係


---1.often bullies people, threatens, or intimidates others
---2.often initiates physical fights
---3.has used a weapon that can cause serious physical harm to others (e.g., a bat, brick, broken bottle, knife, gun) (except for activities such as archery and hunting)
---4.has been physically cruel to people
---5.has been physically cruel to animals
---6.has stolen while confronting a victim (e.g., mugging, purse snatching, extortion, armed robbery)
---7.has forced someone into sexual activity


A2 破壞財產
-A2.Destruction of property

--- (8)曾故意縱火 意圖造成嚴重損害
--- (9)曾故意毀損他人財產(除縱火外)

---8.has deliberately engaged in fire setting with the intention of causing serious damage.
---9.has deliberately destroyed others' property (other than by fire).


A3 詐欺或偷竊
A3. Deceitfulness or theft

--- (10)曾侵入他人住宅、建物、或汽車
--- (11)經常說謊以獲取財務或利益或逃避義務(意即欺詐他人)
--- (12)曾在未面對受害者的狀況下偷竊價值不菲物件〔如：非破壞闖入狀況下進入商店偷竊(shoplifting)；偽造〕

---10.has broken into someone else's house, building, or car
---11.often lies to obtain goods or favors or to avoid obligations (i.e., "cons" others)
---12.has stolen items of nontrivial value without confronting a victim (e.g., shoplifting, but without breaking and entering; forgery)


A4  嚴重違反規範
A4  Serious violations of rules

--- (13)經常不顧父母禁止而夜間在外遊蕩，且是在十三歲之前即 開始
--- (14)住在父母家或監護人家時，至少兩次逃家在外過夜(或 僅一次，但相當長時期未返家)
--- (15)常逃學，在十三歲之前即開始

---13.often stays out at night despite parental prohibitions, beginning before age 13 years
---14.has run away from home overnight at least twice while living in parental or parental surrogate home (or once without returning for a lengthy period)
---15.is often truant from school, beginning before age 13 years




TWO.
The disturbance in behavior causes clinically significant impairment in social, academic, or occupational functioning.
其異常行為顯著干擾其本人之人際交往、學習或工作的功能


THREE.
If the individual is age 18 years or older, criteria are not met for Antisocial personality disorder
若此人已經18歲以上，且其不符合apd之診斷標準時(仍適用CD)

（說明）
ONE, TWO, THREE 三個條件都要符合

須標註..

A
 (on-set)發作於
10歲 前
10歲 後
不清楚發作時間
B
是否少有--利他情緒(prosocial emotion)
-- 缺乏罪咎感或罪感(remorse or guilt)
-- 無情-缺乏同理心 (callous-lack of empathy)
-- (對自己的劣行)缺乏意識
-- 膚淺或缺乏情感 (shallow or deficient affect)
C
目前情況的嚴重程度
輕
中
重
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推薦網站..
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/918213-overview


霸凌 bully
http://tw.myblog.yahoo.com/jjlee-psychology/article?mid=1079

反社會性格異常
http://www.wretch.cc/blog/ba99bk/16641244